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Introduction The hypoglossal nucleus is
2021-11-30

Introduction The hypoglossal nucleus is the nucleus of the twelfth cranial nerve and is located on both sides of the mid line in the dorsal medulla oblongata and is situated between the proximal end of the medullary central canal and the beginning of the fourth ventricle (Tomasch and Etemadi, 1962)
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Notch signaling maintains the balance between neural stem ce
2021-11-30

Notch signaling maintains the balance between neural stem cells and neural progenitors (Aguirre et al., 2010, Basak and Taylor, 2007, Mizutani et al., 2007). Conditional knock out of Notch causes depletion in the progenitor pool, showing that Notch is required for the maintenance of neural stem cell
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Several transgenic and knockout congenic mouse models have b
2021-11-30

Several transgenic and knockout/congenic mouse models have been generated in order to assess the role of FFAR1 for proper insulin secretion and maintenance of glucose homeostasis. The results obtained with three different receptor knockout mouse models were not consistent. The protection against hig
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br Introduction Edible bird s nest EBN known
2021-11-29

Introduction Edible bird's nest (EBN), known as the health and precious food, is produced from the saliva secretion of several different swiftlet species. Researches have shown the nutritional value of the EBN with the containing of glycoproteins, carbohydrates, essential amino acids, minerals an
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The general synthetic routes leading to aspartate
2021-11-29

The general synthetic routes, leading to aspartate and 2,3-diaminopropionate analogs, are shown in . As outlined in , aspartic Z-VEID-FMK analogs – were synthesized through standard carbodiimide-mediated coupling between an amine and an appropriately protected aspartic acid. It is worth mentioning t
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br Prospects The prospects for GABAergic pesticides
2021-11-29

Prospects The prospects for GABAergic Ro 31-8220 Mesylate can be projected from the rate at which new compounds have been introduced (Fig. 1) and the amounts used. More than three billion pounds of NCA-IA insecticides were used in the past seven decades. There was no target site cross-resistance
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Besides its carcinogenic role WTAP was
2021-11-29

Besides its carcinogenic role, WTAP was also discovered to participate in several physical processes in normal cells. As previously reported, WTAP was involved in cell proliferation, survival, apoptosis [7,29,30], eye development [8] and embryonic development [7] owing to its complex function in tra
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br Experimental br Acknowledgments We thank Mintek and Rhode
2021-11-29

Experimental Acknowledgments We thank Mintek and Rhodes University for generous financial support and permission to publish these findings. T.O.O. gratefully acknowledges Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria for study leave. Introduction There are ∼35.3 million people living with H
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Histamine which was used as the
2021-11-29

Histamine, which was used as the agonist, had low potencies in our functional experiments when compared to its affinity from binding studies (e.g. Lim et al., 2005). This phenomenon is related to the fact that the coupling of the presynaptic receptor to the transduction machinery and the final funct
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br STAR Methods br Author Contributions br Introduction
2021-11-29

STAR★Methods Author Contributions Introduction Hyaluronan, a major constituent of the extracellular matrix (ECM), is produced by hyaluronan synthases (HASs) and degraded by hyaluronidases (HYALs) (Vigetti et al., 2014). Physiologically, hyaluronan exists in a form with a molecular weight of
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We have previously reported on the effects of replacing
2021-11-29

We have previously reported on the effects of replacing the isoquinoline P2∗ moiety with a naphthalene ring and modifying the connectivity for this element to the P2 proline ring, as demonstrated by compounds – (). Therein, it was hypothesized that the reduced potency observed with – when compared t
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Protease Inhibitor Cocktail (EDTA-Free, 200X in DMSO) Introd
2021-11-29

Introduction GPR119 is a class A type of G Protein coupled receptor, which is expressed primarily in pancreatic β-cells and the K and L Protease Inhibitor Cocktail (EDTA-Free, 200X in DMSO) of the gastrointestinal tract [1], [2], [3]. Activation of GPR119 promotes secretion of incretins such as glu
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Several studies have shown that regulation of glutamate home
2021-11-26

Several studies have shown that regulation of glutamate homeostasis is critical in relapse to many drugs of abuse [84,85]. Glutamate is transported by GLT-1, which accounted for about 90% of glutamate clearance from the synaptic cleft [14,15]. CEF is known to produce its effects through GLT-1 upregu
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One major mode of bioelectric action
2021-11-26

(2) One major mode of bioelectric action is that of an amplifier of subcellular symmetry-breaking mechanisms into tissue-wide order. An example is the patterning of the embryonic left (L)-right (R) axis reviewed in References [57, 58]; the following scheme describes the data obtained largely from th
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Stimulation of FPR by bacterial N formyl peptides induces ba
2021-11-26

Stimulation of FPR by bacterial N-formyl peptides induces basophil and mast LDH-Cytotoxicity Colorimetric Assay Kit release of immunogenic compounds such as histamine [21], [31]. Furthermore, we demonstrated that histamine plays a role in F-MITs-induced sepsis-like symptoms since cimetidine, a hist
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